In the greenhouse experiments the antipathogenic activity of new polycomponent biostimulants Regoplant, Stimpo had been investigated at cultivation of different varieties of winter wheat, soybean and corn plants on infectious backgrounds. The analyzed products were evaluated as natural foods with high antioxidant activity and potential health benefits. The current study demonstrated nutritional characteristics of Cornelian cherry fruits suitable for direct consumption and various forms as infusions or compôte. The polyuronic content was in the range from 1.1 to 1.3%. The sugar composition in all Cornelian cherry products mainly consisted of sucrose, glucose and fructose, as sucrose was in low levels from 0.15 to 0.30% fw. Fresh Cornelian cherry demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential-36.5 mM TE/g fw (DPPH assay) and 29.6 mM TE/g fw (FRAP assay). The highest content of TMA-32.1 mg cyd-3-glu/100 g fresh weight (fw), as well as of total phenolic compounds-4.56 mg GAE/g fw was found in fresh fruits. In fruits of Cornelian cherry dry matter varied from 18.7 to 81.4%, ash content from 0.5 to 2% and TA from 1.5 to 3.4%. Average fruit mass and flesh ratio were as follows: for fresh fruits (1.53 g and 77.16%), for dry fruits (0.86 g and 67.61%) and for compôte (1.68 g and 63.15%), respectively. Several fruit characteristics, such as total titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds, total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), total antioxidant activity and sugar composition were studied. In the current study, chemical and technological properties and antioxidant activity of fresh, dried and processed Cornelian cherry fruits were evaluated. This adds to the current understanding of multiple potential uses of wild plants in the past and, excitingly, points to their role in mortuary practices as early as the Mesolithic. The results suggest that Cornelian cherry fruit could have had a symbolic role in the complex funerary ritual performed by the Mesolithic community, a role that was meant to ensure the memory of, and a link with, the deceased. Examination of the relevant morphological properties and the experimental charring of modern Cornelian cherry fruit and fruit stones enabled reconstruction of the conditions and state in which the fruit stones burned. The archaeological context in which this plant material was discovered is taken as fundamental to the understanding of taphonomy of the botanical evidence and so it was considered in detail. Whereas the fruit stones could simply be regarded as contamination in the burial fill, this study investigates an alternative possibility – that the cherries, or just fruit stones, represented an element of the Mesolithic funerary ritual at Vlasac.
In the Mesolithic cremation graves at the site of Vlasac in the Danube Gorges, south-east Europe, Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruit stones were discovered in one case, their number was relatively high. When discovered in a mortuary context, they are generally interpreted as remnants of ritual eating or drinking, offerings to the dead, or mnemonics, if not as accidental inclusions in the grave fills. Notwithstanding the limitedness of the data and the complexity surrounding carbon fractionation and the isotopic variation, it is suggested that the differences/similarities in carbon isotope ratios between modern and archaeological Cornelian cherry stones, when measured for much larger assemblages, could potentially offer a glimpse into growing conditions of Cornelian cherry trees in the past.Įstablishing the use and purpose of wild plant remains recovered from archaeological layers is in many cases far from straightforward. The obtained data are compared with the measurement of carbon isotope content of an archaeological specimen of Cornelian cherry stone discovered at the Neolithic site of Vinča (ca. The results show a significant variation in the carbon isotope values we identified several environmental factors that, along with a number of other possible determinants, likely contributed to this variation. The carbon stable isotope content of Cornelian cherry stones collected from wild tree stands in Serbia, SE Europe, was measured using elemental analyser-isotope ratio mass spectrometry, with the aim of recording natural carbon isotope composition of the fruit stones and its possible variation.
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